Introduction to Laser Cutting
Laser cutting is a precision manufacturing process that uses a high-powered laser beam to cut, engrave, or shape materials with exceptional accuracy. The laser, generated by devices like CO, fiber, or Nd:YAG lasers, emits a focused beam of light that melts, burns, or vaporizes the target material, guided by computer numerical control (CNC) for precise path control.
Key components include the laser resonator (generates the beam), beam delivery system (mirrors or fibers), and a CNC controller (directs movements). The process works on diverse materials: metals (steel, aluminum), plastics, wood, textiles, glass, and composites, adapting to thicknesses from thin sheets to 25mm+ for metals.
Advantages include high precision (tolerances as low as ±0.02mm), clean cuts with minimal burrs, and versatility in creating complex shapes-from intricate patterns in jewelry to large industrial parts. It's faster than traditional cutting for detailed designs and reduces material waste due to narrow kerf (cut width).
Applications span industries: automotive (sheet metal parts), aerospace (lightweight components), signage (acrylic lettering), and fashion (textile patterns). Laser cutting's combination of speed, accuracy, and adaptability makes it a cornerstone of modern manufacturing and prototyping.